Abstract:Background: Climate change poses serious public health risks, necessitating the integration of environmental, climate, and health data into policies. In Thailand, multiple governmental agencies are responsible for implementing policies related to climate change and health. Furthermore, the extent to which data is used in climate and health policies remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to map existing policies to relevant agencies, assess the types and extent of data use in policies, and identify enablers and barriers to using climate data in health policy. Methods: We conducted a targeted search across various ministries to identify and review relevant policy documents and map stakeholders and their roles. Subsequently, we conducted a cross-sectional online survey among stakeholders from relevant ministries to identify (i) types and uses of data in policymaking, (ii) enablers and barriers. Lastly, two rounds of stakeholder consultations were held to gather further insights and validate findings. Data were analyzed using a mixed-methods approach, with thematic analysis for qualitative and descriptive statistics for quantitative data. Results (preliminary): 269 documents were identified, including 174 regulations, 95 policies, and 4 climate reports. Most policies involved multiple ministries, academic institutions, and policy committees. Policy development involved data-driven analysis, stakeholder engagement, and legal authorities. However, climate, environmental, and health data remain fragmented across various agencies due to siloed organizational structures, limited data sharing, and integration. Only a few policies, for example, the Health National Adaptation Plan integrated climate and health data. Air pollution and temperature related data were used the most across policies. Technology and political factors were the most frequently cited enablers and barriers, respectively. Conclusion: Policies on climate and health are extensive in Thailand, however, their effectiveness suffers from lack of integrated response. Unified policy frameworks such as “Health in All Policies” are needed to enhance evidence-based action.
Keywords: Climate Change and Planetary Health, Climate Change, Health, Environment, Policy, Legislation, Data
