Abstract:Background: Malnutrition and anaemia remain pressing public health concerns among indigenous Orang Asli children, particularly in rural and remote settlements with limited healthcare access. Conducting research with indigenous Orang Asli children in rural Malaysia presents unique challenges, requires navigating complex logistical, ethical, cultural, linguistic barriers, and historical mistrust of external researchers. Objectives: This paper reflects on the unforeseen challenges encountered during a study on malnutrition and anaemia among Orang Asli children under five in Malaysia’s in most remote settlements in which these indigenous population often excluded from conventional surveys due to geographic and systemic barriers. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in four rural districts in Peninsular Malaysia, involving 700 Orang Asli children. Interviews were conducted, anthropometric measurements were taken, and anemia was assessed using point-of-care photometry. Results: This research presented with unexpected hurdles that challenged every aspect of our study. From logistical nightmares to cultural complexities and methodological dilemmas, each step revealed critical gaps in conventional research approaches. These obstacles ultimately transformed into valuable lessons about what truly works, and what doesn’t, when studying vulnerable indigenous populations. The experience taught us that successful research in these communities requires more than scientific rigor, it demands flexible approaches, deep cultural sensitivity, and meaningful collaboration. Conclusions: Research among Orang Asli communities demands flexibility, humility, and adaptive methodologies. Therefore, by sharing these challenges, we hope to prepare future teams for the realities of Indigenous health fieldwork, where ideal protocols often collide with on-ground realities, yet the need for equitable data remains urgent.
Keywords: Indigenous Health, Indigenous health research, Orang Asli, Research methodology challenges, Remote data collection, Ethical fieldwork.
